Strict control of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication by a genetic switch: Tet for Tat.

J . Virol . Bujard and Ben Berkhout Koen Verhoef , Giuseppe Marzio , Wolfgang Hillen , Hermann Switch : Tet for Tat Virus Type 1 Replication by a Genetic Strict Control of Human Immunodeficiency

Effects of Sodium Valproate on the Replication of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1: An in Vitro Study

Background: Sodium valproate, an anticonvulsant drug, is reported to stimulate Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 and Human cytomegalovirus replication. Since epileptic patients undergoing sodium valproate therapy may suffer from various virus infections, the effect of this drug on replication of viruses especially those affecting neuronal tissues such as Herpes simplex virus type 1 is worthy ...

Destabilization of the TAR hairpin affects the structure and function of the HIV-1 leader RNA

The TAR hairpin of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA genome is essential for virus replication. TAR forms the binding site for the transcriptional trans-activator protein Tat and multiple additional TAR functions have been proposed. We previously constructed an HIV-1 variant in which the TAR-Tat transcription control mechanism is replaced by the components of the Tet-ON regula...

Conditional virus replication as an approach to a safe live attenuated human immunodeficiency virus vaccine.

Despite intensive efforts, no safe and effective vaccine has been developed for the prophylaxis of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). Studies with the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)/macaque model demonstrated that live attenuated viruses are the most effective vaccines tested thus far. However, due to ongoing low-level replication of the attenuated ...

Transcriptional activation in vitro by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein: evidence for specific interaction with a coactivator(s).

The Tat protein encoded by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is a strong transcriptional activator of gene expression from the viral long terminal repeat and is essential for virus replication. We have investigated the molecular mechanism of Tat trans-activation by using a cell-free transcription system. We find that the trans-activation domain of Tat, amino acid residues 1-48 [Tat-(1-48)], c...